As a docent at the US Space and Rocket Center, I have been asked about the effects of global warming, and if it could be real. To really answer this, I decided to do the math that I could personally do to determine if in fact humans can cause the global temperature rise by burning fossil fuels. The calculators below allow anyone to use a simple model to determine what the average temperature will be if certain things change, like the brightness of the Sun, Earth albedo, and an increase in green house gases. The formulas are simple, and largely follow this wikipedia article. I have changed them a bit using the base formula, Stefan–Boltzmann law, to better explain.
For this set of equations, we will assume that the object is rotating relatively fast. The object is assumed to be sphere shaped, and the temperature is assumed to be the same in the whole sphere.